為什(shen)么工控(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板的價格比商用(yong)(yong)主(zhu)(zhu)板高(gao)?工控(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板相對商用(yong)(yong)主(zhu)(zhu)板好(hao)在哪?相信(xin)很(hen)多(duo)用(yong)(yong)戶朋友都有這個疑(yi)問，下面(mian)我們就從(cong)主(zhu)(zhu)板元器件的用(yong)(yong)料與設(she)計方面(mian)分析下：
　　
　　商用主板：
　　
　　商(shang)用主板由于其更新(xin)換代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)速度比(bi)較(jiao)快，且(qie)對(dui)產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定性及(ji)(ji)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用環(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)比(bi)較(jiao)低，故此追求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)時效(xiao)性，以及(ji)(ji)本(ben)身產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場定位，對(dui)元(yuan)器(qi)件選擇要求(qiu)上一(yi)般只需滿足(zu)系統運行2到3年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用壽(shou)命即可(3年(nian)之后(hou)大部分已經更新(xin)換代(dai)了)，元(yuan)器(qi)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)用料上使(shi)(shi)(shi)用普通(tong)級別的(de)(de)(de)(de)就可以了。例如(ru)電(dian)容，商(shang)用主板都是(shi)(shi)大量使(shi)(shi)(shi)用普通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)解電(dian)容，一(yi)是(shi)(shi)出于商(shang)用市(shi)場產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用考慮(lv)，二是(shi)(shi)為降低主板的(de)(de)(de)(de)成本(ben)考慮(lv)。
　　
　　工控主板(ban)：
　　
　　1)工控主板的元器件
　　
　　工控主板選(xuan)料(liao)會選(xuan)用經過長時間(jian)，高要求(qiu)驗證(zheng)元(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)，用以(yi)保證(zheng)產品在惡劣條件(jian)(jian)下高可靠(kao)性要求(qiu)。例如(ru)工控主板(ban)的元(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)需要適應寬溫(wen)環(huan)(huan)境(-20℃~60℃)，如(ru)固態電容器，保證(zheng)在惡劣環(huan)(huan)境下(壽命期內永(yong)久開(kai)機、氣候惡劣、潮濕(shi)(shi)、振動(dong)、多塵、輻射、高溫(wen)等(deng)等(deng))正常工作;主板(ban)元(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)需要耐(nai)高溫(wen)、抗潮濕(shi)(shi)等(deng)等(deng)。
　　
　　2)工(gong)控(kong)主(zhu)板的電容
　　
　　工(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)采用(yong)(yong)的是高(gao)質量(liang)的貼(tie)片(pian)式(shi)(shi)的固態電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)、鉭(tan)、陶(tao)瓷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，即使(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，對其品(pin)質、性能及(ji)(ji)壽命(ming)要求也遠(yuan)高(gao)于商(shang)用(yong)(yong)產品(pin)，現在的工(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)都基本(ben)(ben)(ben)上(shang)采用(yong)(yong)固態電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，特別(bie)中高(gao)端的工(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)。商(shang)用(yong)(yong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)基本(ben)(ben)(ben)都是大(da)量(liang)采用(yong)(yong)針腳式(shi)(shi)的大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，因(yin)為大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)成本(ben)(ben)(ben)低、容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)值大(da)一個可以頂多個貼(tie)片(pian)或坦電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。從性質來說(shuo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)穩(wen)(wen)定性不及(ji)(ji)鉭(tan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)、陶(tao)瓷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)高(gao)，壽命(ming)不及(ji)(ji)它們長，耐高(gao)溫程度(du)不及(ji)(ji)它們好。貼(tie)片(pian)式(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)比針腳式(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)更(geng)加穩(wen)(wen)定。從價(jia)格上(shang)，鉭(tan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)比普(pu)通的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)要貴，且由(you)于鉭(tan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)較小，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)在主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)上(shang)時，需要使(shi)用(yong)(yong)更(geng)多數量(liang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，單(dan)單(dan)鉭(tan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的成本(ben)(ben)(ben)就是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的幾十倍，這也是導致工(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)比商(shang)用(yong)(yong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)成本(ben)(ben)(ben)價(jia)格高(gao)的原(yuan)因(yin)之(zhi)一。
　　
　　3)工控主板的PCB
　　
　　商用主(zhu)板(ban)采(cai)用的是4層(ceng)(ceng)PCB設計(ji)(ji)，一般的PCB線(xian)路(lu)(lu)板(ban)分有(you)四層(ceng)(ceng)，最上(shang)和(he)最下的兩層(ceng)(ceng)是信號層(ceng)(ceng)，中間(jian)(jian)兩層(ceng)(ceng)是接地層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)電源(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)，將接地和(he)電源(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)放(fang)在中間(jian)(jian)。工(gong)業主(zhu)板(ban)采(cai)用的是6層(ceng)(ceng)以上(shang)PCB線(xian)路(lu)(lu)板(ban)設計(ji)(ji)，其設計(ji)(ji)是為了(le)加(jia)強(qiang)主(zhu)板(ban)的抗電磁干擾、電磁兼容能力，增強(qiang)主(zhu)板(ban)的穩定性(xing)等等。
　　
　　4)工控主板的壽命
　　
　　與商(shang)用(yong)主(zhu)板2到3年(nian)(nian)使用(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)不同(tong)，大多(duo)數的工控主(zhu)板壽命(ming)(ming)要求(qiu)在(zai)3年(nian)(nian)以上，部分高(gao)品質的工控主(zhu)板，使用(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)甚至達到5—7年(nian)(nian)。